Window.



UNITED STATES PnTENT oEEioE.

EoEEE'r M. DIXON, or EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

Wmoow.

Ne. ceases.

To atti whom it may concern: 4

Be it known-that I, ROBERT M. DIXON, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Orange, county of Essex, andy State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Windows, of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates, broadly., to improve- `ments in window constructions, but is particularly directedto car-Windows or other movable structures.`

Une of its `objects is to provide a simple and effective construction which is especially adapted to withstand the damaging effects i. due to the` jolting and vibrations had in railroad cars.'

Another object Fis to provide means for locking the sashes employed inthe windows,V

of railway-cars or other movable structures suchthat while the sash ispositively and se curely locked in any predetermined position the same may bereadily moved to anopened or closed condition.

@ther objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

' Theinvention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of ele-` ments, and arrangements of parts, which will be exempliiiedin the construction hereinafter described and the scope of the application of which will`be indicated in the appended claims.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure i is a frontsectional elevation of a window with `the invention therein embodied, portions of interposed features being broken away to more clearly show certain normally concealed details of the construction. Fig. 2 is a section taken along a plane transversely intersectingF-ig. 1 alongline 21,2 thereof, showing the `manually-opera'ble means4 for actuating the release mechanisms-- g section taken along line 3 of Fig. 1 to show certain other details of the said releasing mechanism. Fig. 4 `isI a 'horizontal section taken along line 4 4 of Fig. 1,l showing details `of the kerfed stile of the sash and the mode of interlitti ng the same to the jamb of the frame.

@n-such drawings like characters of refer encedenote corresponding parts through all the views'thereof'. Y

In carrying out this'inventiona sash a is:` t slidably mounted ina-suitableframe in a suitable manner,y as between the jambe thereof. The mod-e ofsupending the sash which is adopted by' .this 'invention 'aims `at a con- Speci'cation of Letters Patent. Application filed Fcbruaryll, 1905. Serial No. 245,196.

. 3 isa vertical- Eatented May 22, 1906.

jectionable action of like nature will be overlies the upper end of the sash and is connectedf thereto at an intermediate point by some pivotal means, such as a bolt b2, which is shown in a median position with regard to the ends. lFlexible sash-supporting straps b run from a suitable sash-balance c, so adjusted as to normally overcome the weight-of the struction in which chattering or other'obavoided during the' raising and lowering of' the sash. `To this end an equalization-bar b parts carried thereby, and such balance mayy f either comprise the ordinary well-known weights or consist'of a Ispecial spring con-l struction, as may be preferred. These straps are usually detachably affixed to said equalinso as to produce the objectionable chattering familiar to all .those who have ever manipulated a sash. This is particularly noticeable in railroad structures, inasmuch as dirt and V cinders'very considerably augment the sliding'friction along the sides of such sash. By virtue of this novel .means the entire pull on the window occurs at the middle point, from which the stresses are accordingly evenly distributed and the objectionable lateral vibration and resultant friction thereby avoided.

Another novel feature of this invention re- -sides in the construction of the sash-stile,-

which is not only arranged to slidably interiit with the amb, but also affords a support for a sa sh loc or clog which is so carried thereby ICO as to be adapted to be moved normally i against the j amb in such a way as to prevent relative movementbetween such parts..

In the specific `embodiment which has been here selected for explanatory purposes the sash-stile has a U shape, being made in IOS the form of a channel-bar, asshown by a in Fig.A 4. This arrangement affords a suitable channelor I'rerf within which" may be positioned the clog means, as w'ill be presently described more specifically, and it is also advisable to mount the equalization-bar within l such ychannel at the upper end of the sash,

toured asto slidably interlit with the sashstile, preferably by protruding into the above-mentioned kerf or channel, as will be apparent from an inspection of Fig. 4. This jamb-strip provides the contact-surface for the locking means or clog to abut against and to more certainly prevent any initial slipping between such surfaces. Side beads a and a2 may also be provided to eii'ect a more complete closure between the sash-stile and the jamb-strip. It will be noted that this arrangement is dust-proof to a high degree and, furthermore, that it maybe conveniently and economically constructed. An additional advantage accruing to this arrangement resides in the fact that the jambstrip e2 may be readily replaced when worn to an extent sufficient to interfere with the action of the clog, which will now be described.

The clog comprises a wedge-shaped member e, which is mounted upon and carried by the sash and is adapted for being forced against the jamb-stri e? with such force that sufiicient sliding iction is set up to effectively resist a sliding movement of the sa sh with respect to the frame. Such clog e is advisably of a considerable length in order that its sliding contact with the jamb will be as great as possible and be so distributed as to insure a smooth action during the movement of the sash. Provision is also made for forcing such clog agairist the slide, so that all portions of the contacting surfaces will evenl abut, and to this end the vertical wall d of the channeled sash is inclined in such a Way that the channel `has a greater depth at thel top than at the bottom. The clog is preferably inclined on its inner surface at an angle corresponding to the inclination of the sashchannel. The eect of having these abutting surfaces inclined in the direction shown is to prevent the sash from being inadvertently raised through the tension of the suspending cords or straps b. As the friction of the clog against the jamb is sufficient to prevent the clog from moving lunder a moderate pull and as the sash is always tending to rise independently of such clog, it will be clear that because of the inclination given to the abutting faces of the clog and sash, respectively, an initial upward 'movement of the sash will forthwit translate the clog so as to force it against the jamb with a force directly proportional to the extent of the mutual movement between the sash and clog.v As a result the continued elevation of the sash-under the tension of the straps is at once frictionally resisted and to adegree that precludes any possibility of an upward movement of any substantial extent. It will be noted,

moreover, that the clog has av eater extent of its surface engaged with the ame than with the sash-stile, as clearly shf wn in Fig. 1, which construction is preferaoly secured by removing a portion of the surface thereof adjacent said sash. The downward movement of the sash is, however, mainly controlled by the supporting-straps, the tension of which will be so adjusted as to slightly overbalance the weight of the sash.

It will be noted that the clo is so mountedA upon and carried by the sash t at it moves in the plane of the sash. This has certain advantages over having it move along other planesas, for instance, transversely to such sash-plane or along planes parallel to the sash-plane-since the stresses are all directed against the sash-stile of the sash, so that they are ultimately resisted by the j ambs and not by beads fixed to the jambs and to the sides of the sash-Stiles. In this way clogs may be mounted upon opposite vertical edges, so as to mutually oppose the pressure of one another directly through the sash. Furthermore, by mounting the clog in the plane of the sashit is possible to position the clog in a recess in the edge, and thereby reserve the original thickness of the clog to t e complete elimination of any protruding parts, resulting in a compact entity not had in prior constructions.

It will now be evident that some means should be furnished for momentarily disengaging the clog whenever it is desired to alter the position of the sash in the window. Among the expedients for this purpose falling within the contemplation of this invention may now be mentioned a highly-satisfactory and simple instrumentality wlnch will usually be mounted in the lower portion of the sash, which is suitably recessed'for the IOO pur ose, as indicated by Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive y. A bell-crank lever 71, is fulcrumed at "i to a suitable lug extending from the bottom rail and has a bifurcated end g, which is in slid able engagement with a pin f, affixed to a lower extension from the clog. Upon swinging the bell-crank lever to the right the lower arm will correspondingly elcvate the clog, and because of the bifurcated end the pin f will always bein engagement with the lever, which is turned by means of the actuator-rod 7c, which" at the one end is pivoted to said lever and at the other is slidvably journaled within a suitable standard Z. As it is highlv desirable to have the clog in its normal position in locking enga ement with the side of the j amb, an expansi e spring 1- 1s interposed between a suitable abutmenton the rod and the aforesaid standard in order that such rod will normally be translatedtoward the clog, whereby through the instrumentalit of the bell-crank lever such clog will be r e ressed under the influence of the spring and) maintained in tight i`r1ct1onal enthe eHect thereof isto relativel Beasts 3 gagement with the jamb of the frame. It is i perhaps conducive to clearness in this connection to recall attention to thefact that 'these parts are all mounted upon the sash, so as to be carried thereby in its movements,

though it will be observed that such parts y may at .the same time have independent movements of their own.

This invention also provides a coperant locking means for positively securin `the sash in its lowermost or an other prede mined position. Such loc ing means consists of a bar s, which is reciprocatorily mounted in standard Z. A spring 1 abuts the standard and a fixed collar on said rod and normally Vtranslates the same against the jamb, which will preferably be provided with an orifice for its reception, as shown by Fi l. VAs it will be convenient to actuate a of the aforesaid parts into a non-locking position by manual means, this invention provides` finger-levers v and p, which are fulcrumed at tu and g, respectively, and so sha ed as to protrude throughside orifices ha in an operating-handle o. At their other ends such finger-leversen ave-within suitable seats or sockets provided by the actuator-rodand lock-bar, respectively, as indicated on the drawings by t and m. These inner ends a and of the finger-levers are shown in proper place more clearly by Fig. 2.`

rfhe'operation of the device may now be readily followed. To raise the sash, the protruding ends of the Jlinger-levers are pressed together, and as a result the locking-bar s and the actuatorerod lc are simultaneously drawn away from the corresponding j ambs, thereby entirely freeing the sash with respect to the positive lock and at the sanne.`

time elevating clog e to such an extent that the sash is no `longer frictionally secured in place, and it may then be freely raised, carrying with it all of the parts, as aforesaid. When 'the desired height has been attained, the fingers areremoved and the clog through the instrumentality of spring 1' is translated downward and because of its inclined edge is simultaneously forced against the side of the` jamb. The friction afforded willv be sufficient to restrain the clog against further movement;z but should an initial upward movement of the sash take place the latter would moverelatively to the wedge-like clog, whichis retained againstthe side of the jamb, because of the'friction. It is clear, however, that such upward movement would be slight in extent, because of the progressively-increasing resistance thereto attained through the action of the clog. A down had, lsince move the clog and sash side in what may e termed a downhill directiomandas the clog is thus ward movement may, however,

, moved away from the j amb no friction will roppose the closing of the sash, and the only terresistance encountered will be .the overhalancing tension of the suspending-straps b.

It will thus be seen that the herein-disclosed invention is one well -ada ted to realize the several stated objects an ends; rlne sashes are self-contained mechanisms of a unitary nature, which are adapted to bemade at any place and quite independentl of cars undergoing construction, to which t ey may be subsequently applied with no difficulty. Moreover, should any one of such operatiye units become disordered in a car during service it ma be easily and quickly replaced in any loca ity without tying up 'the whole car, as would be necessary in other expedients. In usage the sash may be -manipulated with' i every ease, and it will withstand hard service with little deterioration. Furthermore, the

various parts are disposed in an cxceedinglycompact form, and the operative features are so concealed from view that a neat and pleasing appearance is preserved to the whole without, however, interfering with `a ready access thereto for purposes of repair or replacement. The preferred form andarrangement has been shown; but the invention is not to `be limited thereto, since while the same embodies the most improved type other deviations might be made at the sacrifice ofI certain of the advantages attained by the present structure. Also certain other embodiments of the invention might bemade in view of this disclosure, as will be manifest to those skilled inthe art, which would perform all the functions of the construction here shown and Ain substantially the same way, but without altering the character of this invention. V

As'many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely-different embodiments of my invention could be made without departing from thel scope thereof,I lintend that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. l

IOO

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Having described 'my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by LettersV Patent, 1s-- 1. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted between the jambs thereof, a wedge-shaped clog interposed between a stile ofsuch sash and a jamb and car- .ried by said sash and in frictional engagement with both of said parts, and means tending to raise said sash and simultaneously actuate said clog to prevent such movement.

2. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted between the `j ambs thereof, and provided in its side stile with a groove having a greater depth at the top than at the bottom thereof, a clog .interposed between the bottom wall of said groove and said jamb and having a wedge shape" in conige' formity therewith and means normally maintaining said clog in a tightly-wedged position whereby sliding of said sash will be prevented.

3. I n a window construction, a frame, a vsash slidably mounted between the jambs thereof, wedge means interposed between and engaging directlysaid sash and frame to normally positively lock the same against an upward movement but unadapted to positively secure the same against downward movement, and means yieldably supporting said sash whereby the same may be manually lowered in opposition thereto.

4. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted between the jambs thereof, a side stile of'said sash provided with a groove which gradually diminishes in depth from the top to the bottom thereof, a clog wedge-shaped in conformity with the bottom wall of said grooveI and interposed between the .jamb and said wall, said clog being, mounted ,to normally move against said wall within the plane of said sash and means for releasing said clog.

5. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted therein, an equalization-bar hinged to said sash, and sash-su orting cords attached to the ends of said iiar and adapted to support the same together with the sash'suspended therefrom.

6. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted therein, an equalizingbar affixed to said sash at a point intermediate its ends, and suspending means supporting said bar and depending sash.

7. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted between the jambs thereof, an e ualization-bar overlying the top end of said1 sash and attached thereto at a point intermediate its ends, and supportv ing-cords attached to the ends of said bar,

whereby the same, together with the depending sash are suspended thereby.

8. In a window construction, a frame, a

sash slidably mounted therein, a wedgeshaped member positioned therebetween and normally held in engagement with said sash and said frame, said wedge-shaped member having a greater extent of surface in engagement with said frame, than with said sash so that when said sash is slid in either direction relative movement will tend to take place betwlpn said wedge-shaped member and said sas 9. In a 4window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted therein, a wedgeshaped member positioned therebetween and normally'held in engagement with both of said parts, a portion of the surface of said wedge-shaped member adjacent said sash being removed whereby the same has less 'sur-- faceexposed to said sash than to said frame,

tion relative movement will tend to take place between said wedge-shaped member and said sash.

10.. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted therein, said sash having its side stile provided with a groove tapering indepth from end to end thereof, a clog lying in said groove and being tapered in a direction opposite from the taper of said groove and interposed between a Wall of said groove and said frame, and means for reci rocating said clog to permit the sash to sli e in its frame. v

11. In window construction, in combination, a frame, a sash having a channeled stile slidably mounted in said frame, a st-rip secured to said frame and extending into one of the channels of said stile and aclog interposed between said strip and a wall of said channel for normally securing the sash fric'- tionally to the frame.

12. In window construction, in combination, a frame, a sash having a channeled stile slidably mounted in said frame, a strip secured to said frame and extending into a channel of said stile, a clog interposed between said strip and a wall ofsaid channel, means for normally maintaining said clog in frictional engagement with each of said parts, and means for reciprocating said clog to release said sash.

18. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted between the jambs thereof, wedge means located in a tapering groove in said. sash and interposed between and engaging said sash and said frame normally to frictionally lock the sash against sliding in one direction but adapted to permit sliding of said sash in an opposite direction.

14. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mounted between the jambs thereof, wedge means located in a tapering groove in said sash and interposed between and engaging said sash and said frame normally to frictionally lock the sash against sliding in one direction but adapted to per- .lof

IIC

mit sliding of said sash in an opposite dlrection, and means for moving said wed e -means, whereby the sash may be slid 1n either direction.

15. In a window construction, a frame, a sash slidably mountedbetween the jambs thereof, wedge means interposed between and engaging said sash and said frame norymally to frictionally lock the sash against sliding in one direction but adapted to permitV sliding of said sash in, an opposite direction, a positive lock for securing said sash to said frame, said Wedge means and said positive locking vmeans being provided with means which at al single operation may be manipulated to move said parts thereby to releasesaid sash. so that when said sash is slid in either direc- 16. In window construction, incombinatlon, a frame, a sash,V the side vstile of which @eases V 5 has a tapered recess extending longitudinally thereof, a Wedge member located Withinsaid recess and interposed 'between and engaging said frame and a wall of said recess, a device for ositively locking said sash to said frame, an means'connected with said wedge member and said ositively-lockin means, Whereby at .a sing e operation sai parts may be moved to free the sash and permit a free sliding movement thereof.

17. In a Window construction, a frame provided with a projecting member, a sash slidably mounted between the j ambs of said frame and having a channeled stile, the edges of which take about said member, a clog car,- ried by said sash and interposed between said member and a Wall 0i' thechannel of said sash, and means tending to raise said sash and simultaneously actuate said clog to prevent such movement.

RUBERT M. DIXON. Witnesses:

J. M. TOWNE, S. VAN PRAAG. 

